Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the infratemporal fossa type A approach (IFTA-A) with tension-free anterior rerouting of the FN. A) This intraoperative photograph shows the surgical field around jugular foramen after removing the jugular foramen paragangliomas with the modified surgical procedures. B) This illustration demonstrates anatomic structures around the jugular foramen following tension-free anterior rerouting of the facial nerve. Co = cochlea; FN = facial nerve; ICA = internal carotid artery; Sc = semicircular canal: * = jugular bulb, while the tumor was removed, and inferior petrous sinus was packed with Surgicel.

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the infratemporal fossa type A approach (IFTA-A) with tension-free anterior rerouting of the FN. A) This intraoperative photograph shows the surgical field around jugular foramen after removing the jugular foramen paragangliomas with the modified surgical procedures. B) This illustration demonstrates anatomic structures around the jugular foramen following tension-free anterior rerouting of the facial nerve. Co = cochlea; FN = facial nerve; ICA = internal carotid artery; Sc = semicircular canal: * = jugular bulb, while the tumor was removed, and inferior petrous sinus was packed with Surgicel.

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the infratemporal fossa type A approach (IFTA-A) with tension-free anterior rerouting of the FN. A) This intraoperative photograph shows the surgical field around jugular foramen after removing the jugular foramen paragangliomas with the modified surgical procedures. B) This illustration demonstrates anatomic structures around the jugular foramen following tension-free anterior rerouting of the facial nerve. Co = cochlea; FN = facial nerve; ICA = internal carotid artery; Sc = semicircular canal: * = jugular bulb, while the tumor was removed, and inferior petrous sinus was packed with Surgicel.

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