Smoking Increases Risk of Inverted Papilloma Recurrence

What clinical and environmental factors can predict recurrence or malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP)?

Background: IP is a benign neoplasm that is locally aggressive, with a less than 10 percent recurrence rate and potential for malignant transformation. Few studies have reported the effects of environmental factors, especially cigarette smoking, on recurrence rates of IP.

Study design: Retrospective study of patients who had primary surgery for IP at a single university

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