When Apple introduced the first mass-produced personal computer in the 1970s, the technology was so limited that the computer had no lower-case functionality.



Cochlear implantation has become a safe procedure-and, as result of refinements in devices and surgical techniques, complications are atypical.

Noise-induced hearing loss is a key challenge in otolaryngology today. Interestingly, an older class of antiepileptic drugs, T-type calcium blockers, may hold promise as preventive agents.

Approximately 80% of children three years of age and younger are affected by otitis media, with treatment costs estimated at more than $5 billion per year.

Chronic rhinosinusitis affects approximately 30 million Americans.


With improved technology, as well as increased availability and access, diagnostic imaging has become the fastest growing segment of health care spending, with estimates of 15% to 35% increases annually.

A recent study adds to the growing body of evidence showing that antibiotics are overused in the United States—this time for rhinosinusitis, which affects about 20% of the US population.

Revision endoscopic sinus surgery (RESS) has challenges that often are not seen in primary surgeries.