This article focuses on the surgical approaches and anatomical variations of the endolymphatic sac during the transmastoid route, which varies with the size of the duct within the petrous bone and its accessibility.


This article focuses on the surgical approaches and anatomical variations of the endolymphatic sac during the transmastoid route, which varies with the size of the duct within the petrous bone and its accessibility.
Hearing loss genes vary widely in treatment favorability; thus, targeting development efforts to promising candidates will ensure the highest likelihood of clinical success. Several genes were identified as appealing targets.
Study results suggest a link between certain dietary elements and a lower incidence of tinnitus.
Currently, initial treatment approaches to ENS prioritize conservative management; given the complexity and severity of the condition, patients and clinicians should approach surgical options with caution.

ENS represents one of the more complex conditions in otolaryngology, characterized by the paradoxical feeling of nasal obstruction despite objectively patent airways. In addition to the feeling of severe nasal obstruction—one patient called it “suffocating with every breath”—patients also report dryness, burning, and crusting. The quality-of-life impact can be so great that some patients travel the world seeking multiple consultations and revision surgeries.
The use of AI in healthcare has the potential to improve clinical care and efficiency, accelerate research, and empower patients and communities, but challenges must be addressed.
Although OCT was not capable of replacing CT due to its limited field of view (FOV) and inability to image through thick bony tissues, it visualized signs of pathology that are difficult to visualize with CT, suggesting its usefulness for some middle ear diagnostics.
Although OCT was not capable of replacing CT due to its limited field of view (FOV) and inability to image through thick bony tissues, it visualized signs of pathology that are difficult to visualize with CT, suggesting its usefulness for some middle ear diagnostics.

At 60 years old, after a fruitful career as a clinician–scientist, medical school dean, and provost at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Dr. Kerschner is pivoting his career to join Chartis, a leading healthcare advisory firm. In his role as a strategic transformation senior partner, Dr. Kerschner will apply not only his clinical and research expertise but also his leadership experience guiding a health system and medical school to help drive transformative change in healthcare.

We should consider our patients as more than just cases. They are people whose lives will be forever impacted by nerve loss, who will have lifelong issues with eating, speaking, and expressing themselves.