In medical billing, an unlisted code is used to report a service or procedure that does not have a specific Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code. Reimbursement for these services can be nuanced and complex, but can be navigated with some basic understanding.
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September 2018“There are specific reasons why the procedure you want to perform may not have its own code,” said R. Peter Manes, MD, coordinator of health policy and chair of the Physician Payment Policy Workgroup for the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO/HNS). “The most common of these are low volume and newer technology.”
Don’t Use CPT Codes That Are Similar
While you need to be careful when working with unlisted codes, there is no need to fear them. Because of payment concerns, there may be a temptation to use an established code for a similar procedure.
“The listed CPT codes are very precise,” said Lawrence Simon, MD, CPT advisor for AAO/HNS. “There is not a lot of ambiguity in them, so you don’t want to use a code that is close to what you did. If it isn’t exact, use an unlisted code.” Each code grouping has its own unlisted code. For example, 42699 is used for an unlisted procedure of the salivary glands or ducts.
Picking a Comparator Code
You will need to pick a comparator code (CC) to submit as a benchmark for your fee. This is an established code representing a similar amount of time, difficulty or intensity and is the basis for payment. The billing should still be submitted under the code for an unlisted procedure. The CCs are part of the information included to support the billing code.
“The CC, when possible, should be something you do often so you are familiar with the time and intensity commitment,” said Dr. Simon. “But you don’t have to use a CC in the same family as the unlisted code. For example, you could compare an unlisted ear code with a listed tonsil code.”
Documentation Is Important
Documentation should be thorough when claiming an unlisted procedure or service. Describe it in simple, straightforward language telling what was done and why. Outline two or three things that make the unlisted procedure either more or less difficult than your CC. Payers may require a copy of the operative note or other backup material. Every provider has different requirements, so involve them in the process as early as possible.
“The hoops you have to get through vary by payer,” said Kim Pollock, RN, MBA, CPC, CMDP, a consultant with KarenZupko & Associates, Inc. in Chicago. “Some will routinely pay on an unlisted code that is used accurately. Others may not even recognize the unlisted code at all.”
Get Preauthorization When Possible
It is recommended that you approach the payer to get a preauthorization if possible. This speeds up a process that may be slow under the best of circumstances. Even with preauthorization expect delays, as most require human intervention.
“The Academy has a manual for addressing these issues,” said Dr. Manes. “It can be found on the members-only part of the website at entnet.org. This is a very good resource.”
Kurt Ullman is a freelance medical writer based in Indiana.
Unlisted Service or Procedure Codes
Some services or procedures are not listed in the most current CPT code. When submitting for reimbursement you will need to use an appropriate “unlisted procedure” code; these are organized by organ system or anatomic area.
20999 Unlisted procedure, musculoskeletal system, general
21299 Unlisted procedure, craniofacial and maxillofacial
21499 Unlisted procedure, musculoskeletal procedure, head
21899 Unlisted procedure, neck or thorax
30999 Unlisted procedure, nose
31299 Unlisted procedure, accessory sinuses
31599 Unlisted procedure, larynx
31899 Unlisted procedure, trachea, bronchi
38999 Unlisted procedure, hemic or lymphatic system
40799 Unlisted procedure, lips
41599 Unlisted procedure, tongue, floor of mouth
41899 Unlisted procedure, dentoalveolar structures
42299 Unlisted procedure, palate, uvula
42699 Unlisted procedure, salivary glands or ducts
42999 Unlisted procedure, pharynx, adenoids, or tonsils
60699 Unlisted procedure, endocrine system
64999 Unlisted procedure, nervous system
69399 Unlisted procedure, external ear
69799 Unlisted procedure, middle ear
69949 Unlisted procedure, inner ear
69979 Unlisted procedure, temporal bone, middle fossa approach
—Compiled by Kim Pollock, RN, MBA, CPC, CMDP at KarenZupko & Associates, Inc.