The gold standard in the evaluation of VFI in children is awake flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) but over the past decade, ultrasound (US) has gained increasing attention as a modality for assessing vocal fold mobility in children.

The gold standard in the evaluation of VFI in children is awake flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) but over the past decade, ultrasound (US) has gained increasing attention as a modality for assessing vocal fold mobility in children.
Currently, there are no guidelines for the management of retained tubes in asymptomatic patients. Should they be removed?
An array of complications may arise after a pediatric tracheotomy, and the clinician should be mindful of advanced-stage pressure injuries.
Antiviral treatment is associated with improved hearing outcomes in neonates presenting with cCMV and symptomatic central nervous system involvement.
Adherence to meeting EHDI 1-3-6 diagnostic and intervention guidelines has a compelling effect on pediatric language development based on recent literature.
Septoplasty should be performed in patients with functional problems related to congenital anomalies or trauma.
Current retrospective studies and meta-analyses support the thesis that SGP improves PSG measures in children with congenital laryngomalacia and sleep dependent laryngomalacia.
Multiple therapeutic options may be effective for treating mild pediatric OSA including observation, management with anti-inflammatory medications, and surgery.
Patients with EVA are commonly discouraged from playing contact sports due to concerns about a possible risk for sudden hearing drops or vestibular dysfunction following even minor head trauma.
Botulinum toxin injection may be ideal, especially for patients who are candidates for injections under local anesthesia.